In South Africa, historical ties to Russia’s anti-colonial narrative shape public opinion. Both formal ties through the ANC’s past with the USSR and informal grassroots support reflect sympathy towards Russia. This narrative is bolstered by Russia’s current opposition to Western influence, resonating with many African leaders and societies today.
In South Africa, Russia’s ‘anti-colonial’ narrative influences public sentiment, partly due to historical ties stemming from the Cold War. For example, in 1986, Sue Dobson, a young woman from Pretoria, was recruited by the African National Congress (ANC) to conduct espionage against the apartheid regime. This led her to Moscow for specialized training in surveillance and tactics, offering her a unique perspective on both Russia and South Africa’s political history.
Dobson shared her intensive training experience in Moscow, highlighting the skills she acquired in hijinks such as secret writing and photography. Despite limited leisure time in the city, she fondly recalled her visit to snow-covered Leningrad. Upon returning to South Africa in 1987, she began working as a reporter for the apartheid regime’s propaganda division until her ANC connections were discovered, forcing her to flee to Botswana and then to the United Kingdom.
While she emphasized her limited understanding of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the article notes growing sympathy for Russia across Africa. Only half of African nations condemned Russia’s actions at the United Nations during the war’s onset in 2022, indicating a historical admiration for Russia’s stance on anti-imperialism.
Russia’s long-standing support for anti-imperialist movements in Africa can be traced back to the 19th century, particularly its backing of Ethiopia during the Italo-Ethiopian war. However, some historians, including Oleksandr Polianichev, argue that the true extent of Russian support has been exaggerated over time, citing specific instances such as the questionable efficacy of arms deliveries during pivotal conflicts.
Additionally, during the Cold War, the Soviet Union provided assistance to several African nations, reinforcing its reputation as an ally in anti-colonial movements through arms and infrastructure support. The establishment of Patrice Lumumba University in Moscow further exemplified this commitment, albeit with a complex relationship due to reported instances of racism against African students.
The ANC, which remains South Africa’s ruling party today, has retained a neutral stance regarding Russia, reminiscent of its historical collaboration during the Anti-Apartheid struggle. As many ANC leaders received training in the USSR, there is a notable inclination to avoid direct condemnation of Russia, reflecting lingering sympathies.
Grassroots support for Russia’s narrative, including counter-protests in Durban, showcases a growing trend of pro-Russian sentiment in South Africa. Moreover, Russia has alleviated debt for several African countries and deployed troops to assist in security issues, garnering approval from local leaders despite allegations against Russian mercenaries.
Historian Polianichev remarks on the appeal of Russia’s narrative, asserting its alignment with the political interests of various ruling elites. This illustrates that while Russia’s past role as an anti-imperialist ally is occasionally questioned, its current position against Western influence remains a significant aspect of its enduring appeal across the continent.
The influence of Russia’s ‘anti-colonial’ narrative in South Africa can be traced back to historical ties, particularly during the Cold War. Figures like Sue Dobson exemplify the connections formed between the ANC and the USSR, with enduring repercussions in contemporary politics. The ANC’s hesitance to condemn Russia reveals lingering sympathies, compounded by grassroots pro-Russian sentiments. Furthermore, Russia’s active opposition to Western values enhances its appeal among various African nations, showcasing the adaptability of historical narratives to contemporary geopolitical contexts.
Original Source: www.aljazeera.com
