The Cultural and Area Studies panel on February 6, 2025, explored the challenges faced by the ‘Axis of Resistance’, a coalition of Iranian-backed groups, highlighting setbacks for Iran in recent years. Experts discussed the evolving U.S.-Iran relationship, the historical background of hostility, and the impact of public sentiment within Iran. Panelists emphasized the significance of understanding these dynamics as U.S. strategies continue to evolve in response to regional developments.
On February 6, 2025, the Command and General Staff College’s Cultural and Area Studies Office convened a panel titled “Iran and the Axis of Resistance: Declining Power or Evolving Threat?” to discuss the recent crises affecting Iranian-backed entities. Dr. Mahir J. Ibrahimov, the Director of CASO, noted the significance of this discussion amidst challenges faced by the U.S. and its allies.
Mark J. Bosse, Chair of Diplomacy Studies at CGSC, emphasized that the last couple of years have not favored Iran or its network. He referenced Yahya Sinwar of Hamas and the intent behind the October 7 terror attacks, which aimed at inciting a regional conflict, although such events have not materialized as expected.
The ‘Axis of Resistance’ has sustained considerable losses, including fatalities among Hamas fighters and the ousting of leadership from both Hamas and Hezbollah. Furthermore, new leaders in Lebanon and Syria have distanced themselves from Iranian influence, while the Houthis have halted their attacks in the Red Sea, which aimed to promote a Palestinian state.
Dr. Tirdad Daei, a Senior Instructional Specialist at CGSC and son of a political prisoner, provided insights into the complex history of U.S.-Iran relations, which began in 1833. He pointed out that hostility escalated following the U.S.-backed coup against Prime Minister Dr. Mohammed Mosaddegh in 1953 and intensified during the Iranian hostage crisis from 1979 to 1981.
Despite the enmity between the Iranian regime and the United States, Daei highlighted a consistent admiration for American values among Iranian people, such as freedom and democracy. This tension reflects internal struggles within Iran, where the regime’s crackdowns on dissent deepen the divide between the populace and the governing authority.
Gary Hobin, Assistant Professor, characterized the ‘Axis of Resistance’ as a network of militias influenced by Iran but operating independently. He described them as linked like a chain, supporting one another when interests align. Recent developments, including the rise of Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham in Syria, have unsettled these relationships.
This disruption has also shifted sentiments among Iraqi Shi’a political groups, which once advocated for the expulsion of American forces but are now reconsidering their stance. Reports indicate a surge in protests by Iranian opposition groups, signaling rising dissatisfaction within the country, albeit lacking a unifying leadership to channel their grievances effectively.
The panel concluded with a Q&A session, fostering further discussion on Syria and other pertinent topics. This event is part of a seminar series organized by CASO, aiming to address key operational and strategic issues pertinent to the U.S.
The discussion illuminated the precarious status of the ‘Axis of Resistance’ and the evolving dynamics of U.S.-Iran relations. Despite significant setbacks and changing alliances, Iran’s historical resilience in adapting to crises remains a critical factor in the region. The insights shared by the panelists underscored the importance of understanding the complex socio-political landscape impacting Iran and its allies.
Original Source: www.army.mil
