Ethiopia hosts over 1 million refugees and asylum-seekers, primarily from South Sudan, Somalia, and Eritrea. Since the Sudan conflict escalated in April 2023, over 60,000 individuals have sought refuge there. The government’s Refugee Response Plan anticipates assisting 224,000 individuals while implementing strategies for economic integration of refugees through legal rights and new settlement approaches.
Ethiopia maintains an open-border policy for refugees and asylum-seekers, currently hosting over 1 million individuals, particularly from South Sudan, Somalia, and Eritrea. The conflict in Sudan, which escalated in April 2023, has led to the crossing of over 60,000 people into Ethiopia who are seeking international protection, as of August 2024. Entry points such as Metema, Kurmuk, and various sites in Gambella have seen significant numbers of new arrivals, including 12,000 Ethiopian returnees to Tigray.
To respond to the growing refugee population, Ethiopia’s 2024 Refugee Response Plan must address the needs of a total of 224,000 individuals, including the existing refugee population, returnees, and members of the local communities. The Ethiopian government remains committed to its international obligations regarding forced displacement, emphasizing inclusion and employment opportunities for refugees, further evidenced by the refugee right to work proclamation.
Efforts aimed at improving the legal and economic status of refugees include expanding access to identification cards and Proof of Registration documents necessary for accessing vital services and job opportunities. The Ethiopian government, in collaboration with UNHCR, is working on integrating refugees into the National Identification Programme, enabling them to start businesses and access banking, even though barriers like limited capital remain a concern.
Sudanese asylum-seekers in Ethiopia are granted prima facie refugee status, while other nationalities are evaluated on an individual basis under local laws. The Ethiopian Refugees and Returnees Service (RRS) has delineated guidelines regarding asylum access for individuals fleeing Sudan, and UNHCR is aiding in enhancing refugee registration processes to ensure proper support.
The Ethiopian government is implementing integrated settlement strategies as part of its commitments from the 2023 Global Refugee Forum. While the immediate focus has been on lifesaving measures at border areas, authorities are coordinating refugee relocation to settlement zones that are designed to incorporate refugees into nationwide systems and programs, thereby enhancing their access to services along with local populations.
Ethiopia is currently facing significant challenges due to the influx of refugees and asylum-seekers, particularly following recent conflicts in Sudan. With over a million refugees already present, the country continues to uphold international obligations while seeking to foster inclusion and economic integration for these vulnerable populations. Access to necessary documentation and services remains a critical issue for many refugees, as the government collaborates with UNHCR and various partners to develop effective responses and support systems for both refugees and host communities.
In conclusion, Ethiopia’s commitment to hosting and integrating refugees is notable amidst ongoing crises, especially from Sudan. While significant progress has been made in establishing legal rights for refugees to work and access services, challenges such as capital access continue to inhibit full economic participation. The collaboration between the Ethiopian government and UNHCR is essential in establishing a sustainable solution for refugees and enhancing their integration into local communities.
Original Source: reliefweb.int